About Me

My photo
x = life (science x wild)+ research; x = life science + Research(Wild); x = research scholar + science(wild life?) x = Me... Who am I?

Wednesday, September 27, 2006

10 facts about cancer

  1. There are more than 100 types of cancers; any part of the body can be affected.
  2. In 2005, 7.6 million people died of cancer - 13% of the 58 million deaths worldwide.
  3. More than 70% of all cancer deaths occur in low and middle income countries.
  4. Worldwide, the 5 most common types of cancer that kill men are (in order of frequency): lung, stomach, liver, colorectal and oesophagus.
  5. Worldwide, the 5 most common types of cancer that kill women are (in the order of frequency): breast, lung, stomach, colorectal and cervical.
  6. Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of cancer in the world.

7. One fifth of all cancers worldwide are caused by a chronic infection, for example human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer and hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver cancer.

  1. A third of cancers could be cured if detected early and treated adequately.
  2. All patients in need of pain relief could be helped if current knowledge about pain control and palliative care were applied.
  3. 40% of cancer could be prevented, mainly by not using tobacco, having a healthy diet, being physically active and preventing infections that may cause cancer

Sources:http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/cancer/01_en.html

Resently, I had a chance to visit the Cancer Institute. The Institute is spread over 9 acres in Chennai, South India. The hospital houses 423 beds of which 297 are free. Over 1,25,000 patients are seen annually. They are drawn from all over India, parts of South and South East Asia. Over 66% of them are indigent and are treated free of charge. The hospital has state- of- the- art facilities for diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of cancer as well as rehabilitation.

It is hard to believe that so many people are affected by cancer and the institute is doing a great job by providing free treatment to poor. I believe that it is possible that through the help of generous donors a life of a cancer patient can be changed. So please join the initiative and become A Friend of Cancer Institute, Chennai…

After all, it takes a few hundreds to bring a change in a person’s life…

Click, below to contact Cancer Institute, Chennai.

http://www.cancerinstitutewia.in

Friday, September 08, 2006

Steve Irwin: 1962-2006

End of an Adventurer… Steve Irwin – The Crocodile Hunter as he was greatly known is no more. I was shocked to see the newspaper which reported his death. My interest on wild life grew stronger only after seeing one of his greatest shows “The Crocodile hunter” on television channel Animal planet. I miss him; it is a greatest loss for all wild life enthusiasts. This wildlife warrior’s soul will rest in peace only by conservation and rehabilitation of wildlife and their habitat.

So please resolve today to conserve the wildlife and the environment.


To know more about this “Greatest Wildlife Warrior” follow this link.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Irwin

Friday, July 21, 2006

Free Full Text Journals

Hey all,here is few free full text journal links (biology,Health sciences etc..)

www.biomedcentral.com Publisher of more than 150 peer-reviewed open access journals. First go and register an account and select your area of interest, to receive latest articles by email.

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/ PubMed Central provides free and unrestricted access to a limited number of titles. It also provides a link to BMC-another site listing free, full text e-journals. PubMed Central is managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).

www.medind.nic.in/ One point resource of peer reviewed Indian biomedical literature covering full text of IndMED journals. It has been designed to provide quick and easy access through searching or browsing.

http://highwire.stanford.edu/ A division of the Stanford University Libraries, HighWire Press hosts the largest repository of free, full-text, peer-reviewed content, with 954 journals and 1,369,808 free, full-text articles online.

www.blackwell-synergy.com/ some articles are free.

www.bioresearch.ac.uk/ BioResearch is a free catalogue of hand-selected and evaluated Internet resources, covering the biological and biomedical sciences (biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, virology, biotechnology etc.). New resources are added weekly.

http://www.sgmjournals.org/ Society for General Microbiology Online contains the full content of each issue of the society's four journals.Online-only supplementary data are also available.In addition, the full text is searchable by keyword,and the cited references include hyperlinks to Medline and to the full text of many other online journals.

http://content.nejm.org/ NEJM Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching or collections by disease or topic.

http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/ Over the next few years, many important medical journals will be available online, free and in full-text.The unrestricted access to scientific knowledge will have a major impact on medical practice.Open access medical textbooks will soon become the standard in medical publishing.

http://www.freefulltext.com/ provides direct links to over 7000 scholarly periodicals which allow some or all of their online content to be viewed by ANYONE with Internet access for free (though some may require free registration).The issue(s) which are available for free are indicated for each title on the alphabetical periodical lists.

http://www.doaj.org/ Directory of Open Access Journals.This service covers free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals.We aim to cover all subjects and languages. There are now 2310 journals in the directory.Currently 666 journals are searchable at article level. As of today 104188 articles are included in the DOAJ service.

http://www.thelancet.com/ Lancet Publishing Group provides free full-text to selected articles but registration is required for access.

http://jama.ama-assn.org/ The Journal of the American Medical Association provides limited full-text access with registration at their site.

http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/ BMJ research articles are all OPEN ACCESS (free, full text, from day of publication)

http://www.ispub.com/ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=ejournals.xml Internet Scientific Publications, One of the oldest and largest International medical publishing houses on the web,Internet Scientific Publications is a leading source for high quality medical information on the Internet.All articles are peer reviewed.Browse through the recent editions of journals.

http://www.lcls.lib.il.us/ste/ejournals.htm
A directory of health/medical related e-journals.The years for which full text articles are archived vary from journal to journal.Journals which are indexed in Medline are boldface. Provided by the Health Science Library, St
Elizabeth's Hospital, Illinois (part of the Lewis & Clarke Library System, Illinois).

http://www.plos.org/ PLoS is a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource.

http://www.jmir.org JMIR - the leading OPEN ACCESS peer-reviewed transdisciplinary journal on health and health care in the Internet age and your e-Health research portal.All articles are accessible FREE of charge (as HTML file).In addition, PDF files for members are available.

Thursday, May 25, 2006

Web Site for Job Seekers

Web Site for Job Seekers in ScienceBiology, Biotech, Chemistry, Pharmaceuticals, Physics, life sciences.

Biotech Jobs: for chemists and those in biologically-related disciplines.

Monster.com Quite a few listings for people with scientific skills by both large and small companies, including pharmaceutical and industry jobs as well as academic jobs. Most popular online job site. New Jobs added daily.
CareerBuilder - over 1 million jobs posted online nationwide, including science jobs, engineering jobs, pharmaceutical jobs, research jobs in the industry and academia, biological sciences, chemical sciences, physical sciences and others.
Science Online Career Center
BioCareer.com Many major companies post their jobs here; nationwide listings; also have FBI forensic jobs!
Medzilla -- find jobs in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, science, medicine, and healthcare. Exclusively for outstanding candidates and professionals. Online since 1994, MedZilla established the new chemistry of matching the right job with the right candidate.
Science Jobs - A premier site for biomedical and life sciences community. Most job listings; worldwide jobs; posted directly by the employers from large firms to individual labs. Jobs for Ph.Ds, BS, post-docs, all can be found here. Also listings from Cell, BioMedNet, and New Scientist
SciJobs.org - Free resource for scientists seeking jobs in biology, chemistry, and other science field.
Biology Jobs for job seekers and employers who are specifically interested in the Life Sciences.
BioSpace Jobs from dozens of biotech and life sciences companies nation wide; research, management, sales and other areas.
Sales Consultants of San Francisco recruitment of sales, marketing, and technical professionals Sales jobs in Biotech, chemistry, medically-related industries in San-Francisco Area
Bio Online Listings of jobs in biotech and related industries by both major firms and start-ups.
CareerMosaic http://www.biocareer.com
Biofind
Academic Positions
Monster.com Quite a few listings for people with scientific skills by both large and small companies, including pharmaceutical and industry jobs as well as academic jobs. Most popular online job site. New Jobs added daily.
CareerBuilder - over 1 million jobs posted online nationwide, including science jobs, engineering jobs, pharmaceutical jobs, research jobs in the industry and academia, biological sciences, chemical sciences, physical sciences and others.
Chronicle of Higher Education
Jobtrack
CareerBuilder - over 1 million jobs
Academic Employment Network

Placement Agencies:
These employment agencies hire you and then place you to work with various firms on various, often temporary projects. Sometimes these temporary jobs turn into permanent jobs.


LabSupport-- Job opening for scientists: biomedical, chemists, pharmaceuticals, environmental, petroleum-related, etc.
· Science Lab Division
· Environmental, Health & Safety Division
· EnviroStaff division
· Healthcare Financial Staffing Division
Kelly Scientific --nationwide offices; temp jobs chemists, biology-related areas including environmental, biomedical, pharmaceuticals, petroleum-related, etc
Aerotech Scientific Job Listings Research jobs in Biological sciences and chemistry; clinical research; technician jobs; updated often; many jobs; employment agency with offices nationwide; free to job seekers
Web sites for large Biotech Firms with on-line job listings.
ImClone Employment Opportunities
The Rockefeller University (New York City) Research Jobs
Careers Wall Street Journal -- mostly high-level management jobs; usually require a Ph.D or extensive experience; web site is often slow and unavailable.
Welcome to BioView.com
Pharmacia & Upjohn
Monsanto
Pioneer
Novartis
Dupont
Mycogen
Astrazeneca
Science
BioWorld Online, The Worldwide Biotechnology News and Information Source
ACP-ASIM Online - The Web Site for Internal Medicine
ScienceDaily Magazine -- Your link to the latest research news
ASM Journals Online
Molecular biology Protocols: Biotaq.com - Internet information provider for biotechnology community.
.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) The American Institute of Biological Sciences
Science Research Institutes
Berkeley Lab'sCenter for Science and Engineering Education (CSEE)
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY
Theban Mapping Project Outbreak - The Outbreak Channel National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Neoplastic Diseases-Cancer Research at Mount Sinai Medical Center
The Santa Fe Institute American Cancer Society: Human Resources
Coriell Institute for Medical Research The Center for Blood Research, Inc.

Periodicals
Technical Tips Online - Navigation
The American Physical Society
BioMedNet
The Biology Place
Scientific American
SCIENCE Professional Network

Undergraduate Research Fellowships and Internships in the Sciences:
1998 Undergraduate Summer Fellowship Program
Internships and Research Opportunities at National Facilities and Laboratories
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Scientific Societies related to Agricultural Biology
http://aspp.org
http://www.ashs.org
http://www.scisoc.org
http://www.crops.org

Scientific Journals
·
Science Online: from the publishers of Science magazine
·
Nature Magazine Online
· New Scientist Online
· BioMedNet.com Online

Newsgroups
Employment @ Bio.net
EMPLOYMENT-WANTED @ Bio.net
ARABIDOPSIS @ Bio.net

USEFUL LINKS: UNRELATED.

General & Reference:
Online Dictionaries A comprehensive collection of all kinds of online dictionaries: you can find any English dictionary, language dictionary, slang dictionary, medical and law dictionaries among many others on this site. Wow!!!
Book Clubs Online A comprehensive book club directory with links to virtually every book club. Categorized by interest: literature, romance, history, politics, science fiction, mystery book club, horror book club, etc and by profession: medical book club, computer book club, teaching, etc. Offers great deals for joining many of the clubs such as 5 books for $1.
Health & Fitness Magazines Vast collection of health and fitness magazines and books covering such topics as health, women's health, men's health, nutrition, exercise, bodybuilding,
Men's Magazines Magazines for men on every topic: health and fitness magazines, women, fashion, lifestyles, sports and camping, hobbies. Categorized by topic for easy navigation.
Christian Reader Outstanding online Christian library with extensive collection of christian books, magazines, videos and links to other great Christian web sites.
Autoimmune Disease Online: Library of Resources dealing with various autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, early onset diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and many others.
Music Clubs: Directory of music clubs on the internet by genre, and links to discount music stores.
DVD Clubs: Directory of DVD clubs and special offers for DVD movies offered online; by interest.
Career Links:
Teaching Jobs Job search directory for education jobs. Listings of jobs for K-12 teachers as well as higher education teaching jobs. Also ESL and international job listings for teachers.
Science Jobs Find science jobs in biology, pharmaceutical sales, chemistry, biochemistry and related biomedical fields.
Alex' Illicit Guide to Medical School Admissions Information and advice on becoming a doctor from a current medical student. Great information on medical school admissions, planning, MCAT, etc.
source: http://www.science-jobs.org/index.php

Wednesday, May 10, 2006

INFORMATICS TRAINING


INFORMATICS TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRY SCIENTISTS
SHORT-COURSES & UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS

Center for Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics, Mahidol University, Thailand: Offers local courses in Thailand and hosts free regional TDR workshops (see below). http://www.ssitdr.net/cbag/Inter_Training/home.html


Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences (IBLS), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom: Offers a one-year course in Bioinformatics best suited to students with a degree in molecular bioscience who wish to specialize in the computing aspects of biology. Scholarships are available for students from developing countries of the Commonwealth through the UK Department of International Development. In recent years British Council scholarship has been available for students from Thailand, South Korea and Malaysia. Contact IBLS for details.
www.gla.ac.uk/ibls/GradSchool/mastbio.htm



SANBI (South African Bioinformatics Institute): Has a number of training opportunities. SANBI holds free TDR sponsored 2-week training courses in bioinformatics (see below). The courses are open to Ph.D. candidates, postdocs, and junior lecturers and researchers on Tropical Diseases in Africa. The courses are free and selected participants receive full support toward travel and participation. SANBI also offers an MSc in bioinformatics, which takes between one and two years to complete, and a 12-month Medical Research Council of South Africa research Training internship. The latter is open to black South African citizens and can be renewed. SANBI is the European Molecular Biology Network (EMBNet) Node for South Africa.
http://www.sanbi.ac.za/


University of Natal, South Africa: Offers postgraduate degrees in medical informatics (certificate, diploma, and Master’s). The program is structured to allow completion while working. Tuition rates apply. A limited number of fellowships is available for South African residents pursuing a Master’s degree. Open to candidates with a four-year bachelor’s degree or a professional bachelor’s degree with work experience. http://www.nu.ac.za/department/extra.asp?id=1&dept=telehealthunm


University of Sao Paulo, Departamentos de Parasitologia e Ciencia da Computacao: Offers degree courses in medical informatics and also hosts free TDR courses (see below). http://www.usp.br/fm/dim/index.htm


UNU/BIOLAC (United Nations University), Venezuela: Offers free short courses in bioinformatics about once a year as well as a series of on-line courses at the basic level. UNU/BIOLAC’s purpose is to use biotechnology to generate new knowledge to address the problems in Latin America and the Caribbean. It is part of the UNU, which operates globally and is part of the United Nations system. The UNU’s function is to serve as: an international community of scholars; a bridge between the United Nations and the international academic community; a think-tank for the United Nations system; and, a builder of capacities, particularly in developing countries. http://www.biolac.unu.edu/ Send inquiries to unu@reacciun.ve


Wellcome Trust/Sanger Institute, UK: The Wellcome Trust holds a number of “advanced courses” (formerly known as the Wellcome Trust Summer Schools) in genomics that include informatics as a training component. The courses are free to scientists from academic institutions anywhere in the world, but there is a charge toward accommodation costs. The Trust also has a number of grant and fellowship opportunities as part of its international biomedical program. The Sanger Institute has Ph.D. and postdoc opportunities in genomics for scientists from all over the World. Students are registered at Cambridge. Full financial support is given regardless of nationality. Sanger also holds genomics workshops and seminars.
See www.wellcome.ac.uk/en/1/biosersss.html and www.sanger.ac.uk

The Trust also offers training and other fellowships for developing country scientists see details at
http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/en/1/biosfginttrpfunper.html. These might include some bioinformatics training if it is relevant to the research project proposed as part of a fellowship.


West African Biotechnology Workshops Series-Genome Sciences Laboratory, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, and Nigeria: Offers short-courses in bioinformatics. The courses are free of charge to selected participants. Subsidized university housing is available for the duration of the course. Courses are aimed at PhDs, post-docs and scientists. www.wabw.org


CENTERS
Biotechnology Information System Network, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India: Has training opportunities and fellowships and lists resources for bioinformatics in India. http://www.btisnet.nic.in/


EBI (European Bioinformatics Institute): Supports PhD training in bioinformatics through Marie Curie Fellowships for students pursuing PhD. Training is between 3 and 12 months. Applicants must be nationals of a Member or Associated State, including Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia) or be able to provide proof of having resided in Member States for at least the last five years prior to their selection. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/MarieCurie/


Students are also eligible to enroll in a PhD program at the affiliated EMBL (European Molecular Biology Laboratory). Support for non-Member or non-Associated State nationals are dependent on the availability of external funds to the group leader. http://www.emblheidelberg.de/ExternalInfo/PhdProgramme/phdadmissions.html


EMBnet: EMBnet is a science-based group of collaborating biological database nodes throughout Europe and a number of nodes outside Europe, including Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Russia. National nodes provide local training and support programs, including in bioinformatics in local languages. Both free and fee based programs are announced on the website. Contact individual national nodes for information about activities. http://www.embnet.org/


ICGEB (International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology): Part of the U.N. system and receives funding from TDR (see below). Offers training and fellowships at pre- and postdoc levels and collaborative research grants to developing country member state scientists. Member states are those who are signatories to the ICGEB. Training takes place at the ICGEB’s facilities in Trieste, Italy, or New Delhi, India or affiliated centers in Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina and Armenia. Also holds free 2-week training courses in bioinformatics supported by TDR (see below). http://www.icgeb.trieste.it/
Note: applications are currently being accepted for a 2-week TDR course. Application deadline is July 15th. See course website
http://www.icgeb.res.in/~whotdr



TDR (UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases): Supports 2-week bioinformatics courses at four Centers for Training in Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics at the institutions listed below (see individual entries for further details). Selected participants will receive full financial support, including airfare.



South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), Cape Town, South Africa Departamentos de Parasitologia e Ciencia da Computacao, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil. A copy of the most recent class program is available at http://mairinque.ime.usp.br/~gubi/tdr2004/program.html


International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), India. Applications are being accepted through July 15th. See course website http://www.icgeb.res.in/~whotdr


Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
http://www.ssitdr.net/cbag/Inter_Training/home.html. Applications are
being accepted through June 14. See course website
http://www.ssitdr.net/cbag/Inter_Training/2003/callforapplications.html.

TDR has a global electronic mailing list open to any scientists interested in TDR's work. It can be used as an open forum to broadcast brief messages considered useful to the tropical diseases research scientific community. Especially sensitive to the needs of scientists from developing countries, the tdr-scientists serve as a networking forum for tropical disease research scientists everywhere who are connected to the Internet. To subscribe, email majordomo@who.ch and type the following in the body of the message: subscribe tdr-scientists. TDR’s future plans include the establishment of further regional networks, initiation of a distance learning program, and a Bioinformatics Career Development Grant to be made available to exceptional trainees. In the long term, TDR plans to develop Masters and Doctoral training programs in disease endemic countries.
http://www.who.int/tdr


ON-LINE SHORT COURSES AND OTHER RESOURCES

AMIA (American Medical Informatics Association): Has listing of international medical/health association websites. http://www.amia.org/resource/other_sites/f8.html


APBioNet (Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Network): Holds yearly bioinformatics conferences in Asia. It has also held training workshops in the past, and may develop more in the future. Travel grants are available to APBioNet conferences, with preference being given to attendees from Asia. http://www.apbionet.org/index.shtml


BioCommons (University of Washington): This site is a web resource for the bioresearch community. Lecture notes and slides from bioinformatics courses are available through the web for self-schooling. http://biocommons.bcc.washington.edu/index.html


ISCB (International Society of Computational Biology): http://www.iscb.org


LacBionet: Bioinformatics research network in Latin America and the Caribbean with free information, including about training opportunities in the region. www.lacbionet.org


Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics: Offers free online tutorials. RCSB is a non-profit consortium (Rutgers University, and Universities of California, Maryland, and Wisconsin).
http://www.rcsb.org/index.html

Tuesday, April 11, 2006

Time Line in Biology

4000 BC
Egyptians use yeast to make leavened bread and wine
1663
Cells are first described by Hooke
1675
Leeuwenhoek discovers bacteria
1683
Microscope is Invented
1830
Proteins are discovered
1855
The Escherichia coli bacterium is discovered
1859
Charles Darwin publishes the theory of evolution by natural selection
1861
Pasteurization is invented by Louis Pasteur
1863
Mendel discovers that traits were transmitted from parents to progeny by discrete, independent units, later called genes
1869
Miescher discovers DNA in the sperm of trout
1877
A technique for staining and identifying bacteria is developed by Koch
1878
The first centrifuge is developed by Laval
1879
Fleming discovers chromatin, the rod-like structures inside the cell nucleus that later came to be called chromosomes
1900
Hugo DeVries, Carl Coreens and Eric Von Tschermak independently rediscovers Mendel's work
1905
Clarence McClung shows in human that female have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y
1906
The term genetics is introduced
1919
The word "Biotechnology" is first used by Karl ereky (a Hungarian agricultural engineer)
1928
Penicillin discovered as an antibiotic: Alexander Fleming
1931
Ernst Ruska invented the electron microscope
1932
Frits Zernike invented the phase-contrast microscope
1938
The term molecular biology is coined
1941
The term genetic engineering is first used, by Danish
Beadle and Tatum gave one gene one enzyme theory
1942
The electron microscope is used to identify and characterize a bacteriophage
1944
Avery at al showed transforming property of DNA
McClintock discovers that gene can jump around chromosome is termed jumping genes
1949
Pauling shows that sickle cell anemia is a "molecular disease" resulting from a mutation in the protein molecule hemoglobin
1952
Hershey and Chase showed Transduction in it Virus infect Bacteria by inserting its DNA
1953
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins carry out X-ray crystallography studies of DNA
James Watson and Francis Crick's manuscript describing the double helical structure of DNA
1955
An enzyme involved in the synthesis of a nucleic acid is isolated for the first time
Joe Hin Tjio defined exact number of Human Chromosome is 46
1956
Kornberg discovers the enzyme DNA polymerase I
1958
Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA replication is semi conservative
DNA is made in a test tube for the first time
Sickle cell anemia is shown to occur due to a change of a single amino acid
1960
Messenger RNA is discovered
1961
USDA registers first biopesticide: Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bt
1966
Genetic Code cracked
1968
Restriction enzyme recognized in Bacteria
1972
Recombinant DNA molecule produced
1975
Colony hybridization and Southern blotting are developed for detecting specific DNA sequences
The first monoclonal antibodies are produced
1976
Yeast genes are expressed in E coli bacteria
1977
Introns in eukaryotic genes discovered
1978
North Carolina scientists Hutchinson and Edgell show it is possible to introduce specific mutations at specific sites in a DNA molecule
1980
The US Supreme Court, in the landmark case Diamond v Chakrabarty, approves the principle of patenting genetically engineered life forms
1981
Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer invented the scanning tunneling microscope that gives three-dimensional images of objects down to the atomic level
1982
First genetically engineered product: human insulin
1983
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique is invented
1984
The DNA fingerprinting technique is developed
1987
First Genetic Map of Human Chromosome created based on RFLP
Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) developed that can carry large segment of DNA
1989
Sequence Tagged Site and Microsatellite are used as Genetic Marker
1990
Human Genome Project launched
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) created
1995
The first full gene sequence of a living organism other than a virus is completed for the bacterium Hemophilus influenzae
1997
Ian Wilmut and his team at the Roslin Institute produced Dolly (sheep)
1998
The first complete animal genome for the elegans worm is sequenced
A rough draft of the human genome map is produced, showing the locations of more than 30,000 genes
James Thomson at Wisconsin and John Gearhart in develop a technique for culturing embryonic stem cells
2000
The human genome is completed
First entire plant genome, Arabidopsis thaliana, is sequenced
The Genome Sequence completed of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster
2001
The sequence of the human genome is published in Science and Nature
2005
Rice genome is sequenced

Sources:www.kbiotech.com/

Wednesday, March 08, 2006

Useful Websites link

For those who wants to explore new things...
Congrats ... U are in the right place.
As the aim of bringing up this blog is to give u all some usefull links,I would like to share few links which i came across while surfing.Hope u'll find it use full


http://mc-opportunities.cordis.lu/ Marie Curie funding opportunities search tools
These powerful new search engines will help you effortlessly identify the best human resources and mobility opportunities available in your specialisation under the Marie Curie host-driven actions and the Marie Curie Excellence Grants. These actions aim to boost the availability of transnational training and mobility schemes in Europe.


http://europa.eu.int/eracareers/index_en.cfm The European Researcher’s mobility portal

http://medlineplus.gov/ Health info service of U.S National Library of Medicine & NIH

http://www.hellis.org/ HELLIS: A Network of Health Science Libraries and Information Centres at 11 WHO SEAR member states across Asia

http://indmed.nic.in/ A Centre jointly setup by NIC and ICMR to cater to the information needs of medical community of India.

http://www.medbioworld.com/ MedBioWorld is the largest medical and bioscience resource directory on the Internet

http://www.microbes.info/ microbiology information portal containing a large collection of resources including articles, news, frequently asked questions, and links pertaining to the field of microbiology.

http://www.highveld.com/pages/micro.html Collection of links and information on molecular microbiology, molecular bacteriology, virology, microbes, bacteria, medical microbiology, environmental microbiology, industrial microbiology and all aspects of microbiology.

http://mansvu.mans.edu.eg/delor/index.php ELOR is a free and open resource designed primarily for faculty and students of higher education. Links to online learning materials are collected here along with annotations such as peer reviews and assignments

http://biome.ac.uk Free access to a searchable catalogue of Internet sites and resources covering the health and life sciences

http://harveyproject.org An international collaboration of educators, researchers, physicians, students, programmers, instructional designers and graphic artists working together to build interactive, dynamic human physiology course materials on the Web

http://www.cdc.gov/page.do Centre for Disease Control Home page

http://www.sciencedirect.com/ the world's largest full text database with over 1800 titles, including an extensive backfiles programme, containing over 3 million articles.


SEARCH ENGINES


http://www.scirus.com/ Scirus is the most comprehensive science-specific search engine on the Internet. Driven by the latest search engine technology, Scirus searches over 150 million science-specific Web pages.

http://www.google.co.in/ Best of all search engines

http://www.yahoo.com/ Good one

http://www.hotbot.com/ Good one

http://www.webcrawler.com/ WebCrawler uses innovative metasearch technology to search the Internet's top search engines, including Google, Yahoo! Search, MSN Search, Ask Jeeves, About, Looksmart and more.

http://www.mamma.com/ Mamma.com is a "smart" metasearch engine — every time you type in a query Mamma simultaneously searches a variety of engines, directories, and deep content sites, properly formats the words and syntax for each, compiles their results in a virtual database, eliminates duplicates, and displays them in a uniform manner according to relevance. It's like using multiple search engines, all at the same time.

http://www.easysearcher.com/ Easy Searcher 2 is designed for the more experienced internet user. It categorizes a wide variety of search engines and displays them by means of drop down menus. It allows the user to go directly to individual search engines and conduct searches which use the full capability of each engine. Since the search engines are all unique, Easy Searcher 2 users are advised to go to the Help and FAQ pages of the individual search engines when assistance is needed on a particular engine.

Wednesday, January 18, 2006

Stem cell Basics



Stem Cell Basics

Stem cells have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the body. Serving as a sort of repair system for the body, they can theoretically divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell.

Why stem cells are called "stem cells”?


Stem cells are called stem cells because of the way the word 'stem' is used. A dictionary will tell you that 'stem' means the main ascending (going up) stalk of a plant. Similarly there are main cells that grow through time, a main stem from which other stems can branch out from.


If you follow the origin of a particular cell backwards through its' life there are particular you will get to a point at which all the cells are essentially the same biochemically. The diagram below gives you an analogy of a tree stem and the types of cells that are derived from the main 'stem' or mother of all cells

The word 'stem' is thought to be from the old english but the word also can sometimes mean 'to stop or to slow down' (from old Norse) so it could be that stem cells tend to stop at a particular point and doesn't continue in the same direction for ever. As tem slows down and changes direction. For stem cells they tend to stop and slow down and turn into other types of cells.


For a more detailed discussion, see Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions

Sunday, January 15, 2006

Fraud Scientist Apologies…


Jeon Kyung Woo/Newsis via Reuters
DISGRACED Hwang Woo Suk, whose claims to have created tailored embryonic stem cells


End of 2005 brought a shock to the scientific community especially to the stem cell researchers who were telling the world that stem cells holds the future in transplantation and treating many diseases when the so called pioneer in stem cell research Dr. Hwang Woo Suk, the disgraced stem cell scientist, apologized Thursday for falsifying data in his research, and prosecutors raided his home and labs to investigate work that had propelled South Korea to the top of global stem cell research before it was found to be fraudulent.

"I feel so crushed and humiliated that I hardly have the energy to say I am sorry," Dr. Hwang said during a nationally televised news conference, which came two days after a panel from Seoul National University, where he had done his work, determined that both of his landmark stem cell papers were fakes. "I seek your forgiveness."

Dr. Hwang's tearful apology, which he offered with 20 colleagues standing behind him, marked a grand anticlimax to his career.But he stuck to his earlier claim that most of the crucial falsifications were committed - without his knowledge - by members of his research partner, MizMedi Hospital in Seoul. MizMedi has denied his claim.

In its report on Tuesday, a university panel said Dr. Hwang had never produced stem cell lines, as he claimed in two main scientific papers, published in the journal Science in 2004 and 2005. His research team did create some cloned human embryos but advanced only to an early stage in a delicate procedure of extracting stem cell lines from the embryos, the panel said.

On Thursday, Dr. Hwang said his team had created 101 cloned embryos by transferring nuclei of adults' body cells into human eggs, an achievement he called "still the best in the world."

He said things went wrong after he handed the embryos in an early stage of development to MizMedi, which has specialists in extracting stem cell lines from fertilized eggs. When MizMedi reported to him that the hospital had also extracted stem cells from his cloned embryos, he said, "I felt my dream come true."
"I 100 percent trusted what they told me," he said. "Now I believe that they completely cheated me." "

Earlier Thursday, prosecutors raided his home and offices, as well as the MizMedi lab and the homes of other researchers. They confiscated computer files and other data. The investigators are looking into whether Dr. Hwang's use of government funds for his experiments violated the nation's antifraud law.sourses: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/15/weekinreview/15wade.html

With all these controversies building up many believe that there will be set back in stem cell research…So I thought of bringing up an compiled article starting form basics on stem cells, Types of stem cells, Does stem cells really holds the future and so on….